01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil and cook the pasta according to package directions until al dente. Drain thoroughly, rinse under cold running water to halt cooking, and set aside to cool completely.
02 - Heat a grill or cast-iron skillet over high heat. If using fresh corn, grill the ears directly, turning occasionally, until lightly blackened and smoky, about 5 to 7 minutes. Cut the kernels off the cobs. If using frozen corn, thaw first, then sear in the hot skillet until golden and lightly charred.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, toss together the cooled pasta, charred corn kernels, halved cherry tomatoes, diced red onion, chopped cilantro, and jalapeño if using.
04 - In a small bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream, lime juice, smoked paprika, chili powder, kosher salt, and black pepper until smooth and well blended.
05 - Pour the dressing over the pasta and vegetable mixture. Toss gently with a large spoon or spatula until every component is evenly coated.
06 - Fold in the crumbled cotija cheese, distributing it throughout the salad.
07 - Transfer to a serving bowl and garnish with the additional chopped cilantro and lime wedges. Serve chilled or at room temperature.