01 - Combine flour, powdered sugar, salt, and diced cold butter in a bowl. Rub together with your fingers or pulse in a food processor until the mixture resembles coarse sand. Add the egg yolk and just enough cold water to bring the dough together. Flatten into a disc, wrap tightly in plastic, and refrigerate for 30 minutes.
02 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Roll the chilled dough out on a lightly floured surface and fit it into a 9-inch tart pan. Prick the base evenly with a fork. Line with parchment paper and fill with baking beans. Bake for 12 minutes, then remove the beans and parchment. Continue baking for 5–7 minutes until the crust is lightly golden. Set aside to cool slightly.
03 - Heat the whole milk and heavy cream in a saucepan over medium heat until steaming. Add the chopped bittersweet chocolate and stir until completely melted and smooth. Remove from heat.
04 - In a large bowl, whisk together the granulated sugar, whole eggs, egg yolks, cornstarch, vanilla extract, and salt until smooth and well combined. Gradually pour the warm chocolate mixture into the egg mixture while whisking constantly to temper the eggs without scrambling them.
05 - Pour the custard through a fine-mesh sieve into the pre-baked tart shell to ensure a silky texture. Tap the pan gently on the counter to release any trapped air bubbles.
06 - Bake at 350°F for 30–35 minutes, until the edges are set but the center still has a gentle wobble when nudged.
07 - Allow the tart to cool completely to room temperature, then refrigerate for at least 3 hours before slicing and serving. Dust with cocoa powder or serve with whipped cream if desired.